Which statement is true regarding B lymphocytes?

B lymphocytes, or B cells, play a crucial role in the humoral immune response, primarily by maturing into plasma cells that produce antibodies. This is a key function of B cells in the adaptive immune system, as the antibodies they produce can specifically bind to antigens, facilitating their neutralization or marking them for destruction by other immune cells. The maturation process of B cells into plasma cells is essential for the production of immunoglobulins, which are critical for providing immunity against pathogens.

The other options relate to functions or characteristics that are not correct for B lymphocytes. For instance, the formation of rosettes with sheep erythrocytes is typically associated with T lymphocytes rather than B cells. Cellular immunity, predominantly driven by T cells, refers to the immune responses that do not involve antibodies but rather rely on the destruction of infected or cancerous cells. Lastly, while B cells do express surface molecules, the specific HLA-A and HLA-B antigens are primarily associated with T cells and other antigen-presenting cells involved in cellular immunity, rather than B cells.